Feature Article

Biomass Vision Released, Major R&D Awards Announced

On October 28th, at Southern Illinois University in Edwardsville, Illinois, individuals from industry, government, and academia met for the Southern Illinois Energy Meeting, entitled: "Energy Choices…Saving and Making You Money." This event, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), included panels, tours, and informational sessions, all geared toward educating attendees on the benefits afforded by energy conservation and alternative forms of energy. The meeting concluded with two landmark events: the release of the new Biomass Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee Vision, and the DOE and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announcements of the joint Integrated Biomass Solicitation Awards.

A Vision for Bioenergy and Biobased Products in the United States cites significant goals for biomass use in the U.S. economy and energy industry. It calls for cooperative approaches to expand domestic renewable biomass resources to help supply our energy needs, develop rural economies, and protect our environment. The Committee, established by the Biomass R&D Act of 2000, is composed of 26 representatives from industry, non-profit organizations, academia, and the agricultural and forestry sectors. In developing the Vision, the Committee recognized the importance of increasing U.S. energy supplies by using a more diverse mix of domestic resources. It also recognizes the potential of biomass to harness the molecular building blocks of plants and agricultural residues to produce quality chemical intermediates and materials.

The Vision establishes challenging, yet feasible long-term objectives for integrating sustainable, competitive biomass technologies into our nation's economy. It states that,

"By 2030, a well-established, economically viable, bioenergy and biobased products industry will create new economic opportunities for rural America, protect and enhance our environment, strengthen U.S. energy independence, provide economic security, and deliver improved products to consumers."

The Vision also identifies specific near-term, mid-term, and long-term goals to be achieved by the years 2010, 2020, and 2030, respectively. The following are the Vision's long-term goals, set to be completed by 2030:


  • Increase biomass consumption for power to 5% of electricity and heat demand in utilities and industry in 2030

  • Increase biomass-derived transportation fuels from the current 0.5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel consumption to 20% in 2030

  • Increase production of chemicals and materials from biobased products from the current 5% of target U.S. chemical commodities to 25% in 2030

A full copy of the Vision is available at www.bioproducts-bioenergy.gov. The event in Edwardsville was also used to announce the award of several new integrated biomass R&D efforts that will help to pave the way in achieving Vision goals. In response to the President's National Energy Plan in May 2001, EERE reviewed its R&D programs and concluded that its biomass R&D should primarily focus on concepts that would integrate the production of biomass derived fuels and other products into industrial biorefineries that are economical and sustainable. Thus, in April of this year, EERE issued an Integrated Biomass Solicitation, seeking proposals on research and development in cellulosic conversion and biobased products. One hundred and ninety pre-proposals were received in response to the solicitation and, of the twenty-three full proposals submitted, six winning proposals were chosen. These six teams, composed of non-profit groups, industry, and national laboratories, will engage in innovative biorefinery projects. The winners include:


  • "Second Generation Dry Mill Biorefinery" - Broin and Associates, Inc. of South Dakota will receive $5.4 million for its four-year project to develop a "Second Generation Dry Mill Biorefinery." The project's goal is to enhance the economics of existing ethanol dry mills by increasing ethanol yields and creating additional co-products. Broin estimates that its process will increase ethanol output at existing plants by approximately 10-20% by 2006.

  • "A New Biorefinery Platform Intermediate" - Cargill, Inc. of Minnesota was awarded $6 million for its three-year project for developing a bio-based technology to produce a wide variety of products based on 3-HP acid, which is produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates.

  • "Integrated Corn-based Bio Refinery (ICBR) Project" - Delaware's E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. (DuPont) won for its proposal to build a bio-based production facility that will convert corn and stover into fermentable sugars for production of value-added chemicals. The team will receive $18.2 million over the four years of the project.

  • "Making Industrial Bio-refining Happen" - Based in Minnesota, Cargill Dow LLC National will receive $45.9 million over the next three years for its winning project. During this time, the team will focus on process and fermentation technologies to develop and validate process technology and sustainable agricultural systems that will economically produce sugars and chemicals such as lactic acid and ethanol. Cargill also plans to give growers and grower organizations the first opportunity to participate in the commercial development of this technology.

  • "Advanced Biorefining of Distiller's Grain and Corn Stover Blends: Pre-Commercialization of a Biomass-Derived Process Technology" - High Plains Corporation, with plants in Kansas, Nebraska and New Mexico, was awarded $17.7 million for their project that focuses on developing a novel biomass-derived process technology. This process technology will utilize advanced biorefined Distiller's Grain (DG) and Corn Stover (CS) blends to achieve significantly higher ethanol yields while maintaining the protein feed value.

  • "Separation of Corn Fiber and Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals Phase II: Pilot-scale Operation" - The National Corn Growers Association, based in Missouri, was awarded $2.4 million in funding for its proposed development of a technically and economically feasible integrated process for recovery of the hemicellulose, protein, and oil components from corn fiber. These materials will subsequently be converted into value-added products.
In order to allocate the FY2002 appropriations identified in the Section 9008 of the 2002 Farm Bill's Energy Title, USDA worked in cooperation with DOE to select two R&D projects, which were also announced at the meeting, including:

  • "Value Added Products from Hemicellulose Utilization in Dry Mill Ethanol Plants" - The Iowa Corn Promotion Board received the USDA's support for its plans to integrate enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and aqueous phase catalysis to produce high-value components from hemicellulose.

  • "Continuous Isosorbide Production from Sorbitol Using Solid Acid Catalysis" - For this project, the Iowa Corn Promotional Board will develop a process to convert sorbitol, from corn wet milling operations, to isosorbide.

For more information on the upcoming roadmap and the DOE and USDA biomass research programs, visit our Web site at: www.bioproducts-bioenergy.gov


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Biomass Spotlight: Vermont
4

Vermont's large forest products and dairy farming industries produce wastes that can be used to generate power and fuel. These waste products, namely, wood chips and mill residue from the forest products industry and manure from the dairy farming industry, are gaining popularity as power and heating sources for Vermont residents, businesses, and public facilities. The following briefly discusses biomass in Vermont for heating fuel and electricity generation.

Vermont is becoming a leader in heating state-owned facilities using biomass. In 2000-2001, ten percent of the state's public school students attended a wood-heated school.1 According to data collected in 2001 by the Vermont Superintendents Association, School Energy Management Program, school wood energy systems burned approximately 7,000 tons of green chipped wood annually, displacing 420,000 gallons of heating oil. The fuel used by these schools comes exclusively from hardwood sawmill residues and is delivered green.2 It is estimated that Vermont taxpayers benefited from a tax savings of $220,000 for fuel during the 2000-2001 school year, as compared to the cost of heating oil.3

Approximately 4.0 million kWh of net electricity generation came from wood/wood waste in Vermont in 1999.4 This was approximately .04% of the total net generation in 1999 for the state.5 Four industrial facilities and one privately owned plant in Ryegate are performing wood-fueled cogeneration. In addition, twenty-one industrial facilities in the state use wood as their primary fuel.6

The state is also active in researching alternative energy sources from methane gas. The gas, which is produced from manure, can provide a new source of revenue for Vermont dairy farmers. The Vermont departments of Public Service and Agriculture, with funding from U.S. Department of Energy, have initiated the Vermont Methane Pilot Project. This project promotes the use of methane recovery technology by Vermont dairy farms. This technology will help farmers with their nutrient management plans, while at the same time providing additional on-farm income through electricity generation.7

Furthermore, Vermont is home to four biomass energy companies, two of which offer combustion-related equipment. Vermont is also host to the Biomass Energy Resource Center, a non-profit, national biomass energy project assistance corporation with projects presently in the western United States and the Northeast. The center is also allied with Natural Resources Canada - CANMET.8

1Maker, Timothy M. Heating Schools With Biomass: Fifteen Years of Success in Vermont, Biomass Energy Resource Center, Montpelier, Vermont pg 1.
2 Ibid pg 3.
3 Email from Wood Utilization Forester, Vermont Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation on September 6, 2002.
4 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Renewable Energy Annual 2000, Appendix C: Renewable Electric Generation, Capability, and Market Share by State for 1998 and 1999, Table C-7.
5 www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epav1/ta7p1.html
6 Email from Wood Utilization Forester, Vermont Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation on September 6, 2002.
7 www.state.vt.us/psd/ee/Methane.htm
8 Email from Wood Utilization Forester, Vermont Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation on October 22, 2002.

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On the Hill

Congress is considering a number of bills that affect the use of biomass resources to produce energy and biobased products. For more information, visit thomas.loc.gov/
Bill # Sponsor
Summary Last Action
H.R. 4 Rep. W. J. (Billy) Tauzin
(Republican - LA)
T: (202) 225-4031
SAFE Act of 2001 works to enhance energy conservation and research and development and provide for security and diversity in the energy supply for the American people.
6/27/2002:
Conference held.
S. 2678 Max Baucus
(Democrat - MO)
T: (202) 224-2651
A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to transfer all excise taxes imposed on alcohol fuels to the Highway Trust Fund, and for other purposes.
6/25/2002:
Introductory remarks on measure.(CR S6025-6026) Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

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Grassroots

Coffee Company Delivers Using 100 Percent Biodiesel
Thanksgiving Coffee's entire fleet of delivery trucks have switched to pure biodiesel, making it California's first private fleet to use B100 in its delivery operations. Thanksgiving Coffee's facilities in Ft. Bragg, CA will receive regular deliveries of biodiesel from Yokayo Biofuels, where the trucks will fill up before running their delivery routes. To offset the difference between the cost of diesel and biodiesel, Thanksgiving Coffee was granted AB 2766 funds, which is also known as the Transportation Fund for Clean Air.
enn.com/news/enn-stories/2002/10/10162002/s_48681.asp

Add Cooking Oils to Fuels and Diesel Engines Are Wear-Free
Penn State engineers have shown that adding specially treated cooking oils, such as soybean, canola, or sunflower oil, to mandated low-sulfur diesel fuels and engine lubricants reduces friction and wear. In order to meet 2004 emission regulations, all states will have to use low-sulfur diesel fuels. "The removal of sulfur from the fuel will cause severe wear problems," says Dr. Joseph Perez, adjunct professor of chemical engineering and leader of the project. "We have shown that adding as little as 10 percent of a specially treated mixture of vegetable oil and fuel reduces both friction and wear." He also noted, "…our results show that when the vegetable oil-fuel mixture is oxygen-treated, you need only two percent vegetable oil to produce the same friction and wear performance as current high-sulfur diesel fuel."
www.navakal.com/news/science/200210169010.asp

Duck Manure-Powered Electric Plant to Supply We Energies' Customers
We Energies opened Wisconsin's first fully operational duck-manure-to-energy digester facility. The facility is located at Maple Leaf Farms, the leading duck producer in North America, and produces 200 kilowatts of energy. This energy is purchased by We Energies for distribution throughout its service area. We Energies recently formed a Renewable Energy Collaborative to guide the company in achieving its renewable energy commitment that at least five percent of its retail electric energy sales comes from renewable energy sources by 2011.
www.stockhouse.com/news/news.asp?tick=WEC&newsid=1349672

Dung Power Gets Green Award
Britain's first dung-fired power station has won an environmental award. The pioneering $11 million complex in north Devon has won the UK Euro Solar award for 2002. The accolade was awarded by Energy 21, a branch of the Euro Solar educational charity, which creates awareness and understanding of renewable energy. The plant came online this year, and has a capacity of around 1.4 MW from the 1.6m tons of slurry it collects each year from 30 local farmers.
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2307229.stm


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Market Place

Data Sources:
OxyFuel News: Ethanol
(U.S. Avg: Terminal); MTBE (Houston, TX: spot); Gasoline (Gulf Coast: spot, regular grade)
USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service, "Agricultural Prices," "Grain Stocks"


Grain Prices Oct 2001
Oct 2002 % Change
Corn Prices
($/bushel)
1.79 2.36 32%
Soybean Prices ($/bushel) 4.1 5.16 26%
Fuel Supply Oct 2001
Oct 2002 % Change
Motor Gasoline Production ('000 b/d) 8478 8207 -3.20%
Motor Gasoline Imports
('000 b/d)
714 739 3.50%
*Motor Gasoline Stock
(Mil. bbl)
160.525 152.225 -5.17%
Refinery Utilization Rate 91.9 84.4 -8.16%
Fuel Production Sept 2001
Sept 2002 % Change
*Ethanol Production
('000 b/d)
116 145 25.00%
*MTBE Production
('000 b/d)
213 204 -4.23%

Data Sources:
U.S. DOE-Energy Information Administration, "Petroleum Supply Monthly"
USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service, "Agricultural Prices," "Grain Stocks"

*Please note: Units used for fuel data have been revised to correct an error in previous editions.


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Events
November
5-7, 2002
Prague, Czech Republic
Energy Efficiency Business Week 2002
www.eebw.cz
November
5-7, 2002
London, England
World Ethanol 2002 and Ethanol Production Workshop
www.agra-net.com
November
6-8, 2002
Sao Paulo, Brazil
Resolutions South America 2002
www.wbe.com.br
November
7-8, 2002
Oakland, CA
2nd Renewable Energy Conference
www.cbinet.com/events/PB296/index.html
November
7-9, 2002
New Delhi, India
International Convention on Biofuels
www.bbiethanol.com
November
7-9, 2002
Memphis, TN
"KENAF: A New Dawn for High Tech Natural Fiber" The 5th Annual Conference of the American Kenaf Society
www.kenafsociety.org
November
11-15, 2002
Kansas City, MO
Creating Value for Biobased Resources: Moving Beyond Petroleum
www.oznet.ksu.edu/pr_apuf/
November
12-13, 2002
Washington, DC
Agriculture Smoke and Air Quality Workshop
www.scicomminc.com/agworkshop/
November
12-15, 2002
Phuket, Thailand
International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels: The Implementation of Biomass Alcohol as Alternative Fuels for Clean Environment
diamond.mtec.or.th/ISAFXIV/
November
13-15, 2002
Reno, NV
International Energy Conference and Exposition
www.pteinfo.com/index.htm
November
18-20, 2002
Madison, WI
Renewable Energy from Organics Recycling
www.jgpress.com/Conferences/Energy2002/EnergyMain.html
November
19-21, 2002
Raleigh, NC
USDA Symposium on Natural Resource Management to Offset Greenhouse Gas Emissions
stephanie_arnold@ncsu.edu
Click here for additional bio-related events.

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Solicitations

Title: Statewide Feasibility Study for a Potential New York State Biodiesel Industry
Description: Seeking proposals to explore the potential of expanded biodiesel use and biodiesel production in New York State. A study is sought to identify and quantify the techno-economic potential of each of these two elements and explore policy options to support a New York State biodiesel industry.
Government Agency: New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets
Schedule: Proposals due January 8, 2003
URL: www.nyserda.org/734rfp.html

Title: Biodiesel: Development of Specific Opportunities
Description: Seeking proposals to facilitate the development, demonstration, and commercialization of biodiesel manufacturing plants.
Government Agency: New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
Schedule: Proposals due January 8, 2003
URL: www.nyserda.org/736pon.html

Title: Continuing Solicitation for the Office of Science
Description: Seeking grant applications for support of basic energy science fundamental research in the natural sciences and engineering leading to new and improved energy technologies and to understanding and mitigating the environmental impacts of energy technologies.
Government Agency: Department of Energy's Office of Science
Schedule: Applications may be submitted at any time.
URL: www.science.doe.gov/production/grants/fr02-01.html

Title: Worldwide Federal Supply Schedule
Description: A solicitation for companies interested in being included on the Worldwide Federal Supply Schedule for energy services from which the Government contemplates award of contracts for supplies/services listed. Types of energy services include: energy audit services (includes use of alternative energy sources) and managing the procurement and use of electricity (includes supplying renewable power to customers in deregulated markets).
Government Agency: U.S. General Services Administration
Schedule: Proposals accepted on a continuing basis.
URL: www.eps.gov/EPSData/GSA/Synopses/8/TFTP-EJ-000871-1/energyrefresh.doc

Title: FY2003 SBIR/STTR Program Solicitation
Description: The objectives of these programs include increasing private-sector commercialization of technology developed through DOE-supported R&D, stimulating technological innovation in the private-sector, and improving the return on investment from federally funded research for economic and social benefits to the nation. Topics include technology in the areas of biomass, biobased products, and bioenergy.
Government Agency: Department of Energy
Schedule: Proposals due January 14, 2003
URL: sbir.er.doe.gov/sbir/Solicitations/FY%202003/contents.htm

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R&D Awards

Title:

Advanced Biorefining of Distiller's Grain and Corn Stover Blends: Pre-Commercialization of a Biomass-Derived Process Technology
Description: Funding to develop a novel biomass-derived process technology that utilizes advanced biorefined Distiller's Grain (DG) and Corn Stover (CS) blends to achieve significantly higher ethanol yields while maintaining the protein feed value.
Recipients: High Plains Corporation
Award Total: $17.7 million
Sponsoring Office: Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program

Title:

A Second Generation Dry Mill Biorefinery
Description: Funding to research and develop a dry mill "Biorefinery" process for enhancing the economics of existing ethanol dry mills by creating additional co-products and increasing ethanol yields.
Recipients: Broin and Associates, Inc.
Award Total: $5.4 million
Sponsoring Office: Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program

Title:

A New Biorefinery Platform Intermediate
Description: Funding to develop a new bio-based platform technology to produce a portfolio of products based on 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) produced by the fermentation of carbohydrates
Recipients: Cargill, Inc.
Award Total: $6 million
Sponsoring Office: Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program

Title:

Making Industrial Bio-refining Happen
Description: Funding to develop and pilot-scale a demonstration biorefinery project that focuses on process and fermentation technologies.
Recipients: Cargill Dow LLC
Award Total: $45.9 million
Sponsoring Office: Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program

Title:

Integrated Corn-Based Bio Refinery (ICBR) Project
Description: Funding to build a bio-based production facility that will utilize new technology to convert corn and stover into fermentable sugars for parallel production of added-value chemicals.
Recipients: E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. (DuPont)
Award Total: $18.2 million
Sponsoring Office: Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program

Title:

Separation of Corn Fiber and Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals Phase II: Pilot-scale Operation
Description: Funding for pilot-scale testing to validate an integrated process for recovery of the hemicellulose, protein and oil components from corn fiber and subsequent conversion of these components to value-added products prior to full-scale commercial implementation.
Recipients: National Corn Growers Association
Award Total: $2.4 million
Sponsoring Office: Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program

Title:

Value-Added Products from Hemicellulose Utilization in Dry Mill Ethanol Plants
Description: Funding integrating enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation and aqueous catalysis to produce high-value components from hemicellulose in dry-mill ethanol plants.
Recipients: Iowa Corn Promotion Board
Award Total: $2 million
Sponsoring Office: US Department of Agriculture's National Resources and Environment

Title:

Continuous Isosorbide Production from Sorbitol Using Solid Acid Catalysis
Description: Funding to develop an economically sustainable process that converts sorbitol, from corn wet milling operations, to isosorbide and develops new markets for isosorbide.
Recipients: Iowa Corn Promotion Board
Award Total: $1.5 million
Sponsoring Office: US Department of Agriculture's National Resources and Environment

Title:

Pennsylvania Environmental and Energy Challenge Grant
Description: Funding for four projects, in the areas of anaerobic digestion, wood gasification, switchgrass, and a statewide assessment of feedstock availability.
Recipients: Fraunhofer Center for Energy and Environment; Penn State University, Office of Sponsored Programs; Penn's Corner Conservancy Charitable Trust Inc.; The Pennsylvania State University
Award Total: $256,000
Sponsoring Office: Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
URL: www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/pollprev/PEEC/default.htm#winners

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